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Norway

Sognefjord

Norway’s Spectacular Sognefjord

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Cruising the longest navigable fjord in the world

The Arizona Republic — August 18, 2019

SKJOLDEN, Norway – There is a reason the Sognefjord – the longest navigable fjord in the world – has earned the nickname “The King of the Fjords.”

Cruising the Sognefjord

Cruising through the Sognefjord, the longest navigable fjord in the world, on the Holland America Nieuw Statendam

In addition to its length — 127 miles – the Sognefjord’s majestic offerings include waterfalls cascading down snow-capped cliffs that soar more than a mile-high from the sea, emerald-green lakes resulting from thousands of years of glacial melting, and brightly painted Norwegian houses and fertile farmland that dot the base of where the sea meets the massive peaks.

Cruising the Sognefjord was the highlight of a seven-day “Norse Legends” cruise on the 2,800-passenger Nieuw Statendam, Holland America’s newest and largest ship that just began sailing last December.  It officially was dedicated at a ceremony in February by the ship’s “godmother,” Oprah Winfrey.

Our 1,800-mile journey started and ended in Amsterdam, with four Norwegian port stops – Eidfjord, Skjolden, Alesund and Bergen.

About one-third of the ship’s passengers were Americans; there also was a large Dutch contingent.  The weather in Norway was surprisingly – and unusually — warm.  Some days the thermometer neared 90 degrees.  The light parka I brought never once came out of my cabin’s closet.

Skjolden

The harbor in picturesque Skjolden, Norway

I found Skjolden, which lies at the innermost point of the Sognefjord on a branch of the fjord called Lustrafjord, to be the most captivating stop during the cruise.  With a population of only 200 – “not including two dogs and a cat,” as our guide quipped – Skjolden is one of the smallest ports in the world visited by large cruise ships.

Norway has more than 1,000 fjords, the most of any country in the world.  In fact, fjord is a Norwegian word, which describes a long, narrow watery inlet flanked by steep cliffs that was created by a glacier.

The Sognefjord begins in the Atlantic Ocean in western Norway and winds its way inland past small, idyllic villages, fruit farms and popular hiking trails.  Its most famous arm is Naeroyfjord, only 820-feet wide at its narrowest point.  Since 2005, Naeroyfjord has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is believed to have been an inspiration for the 2013 Disney movie “Frozen.”

It never got tiring sitting on one of the Nieuw Statendam’s outdoor decks soaking in the scenery, listening to the ship’s port lecturer describe the geological wonders we were passing.

Nieuw Statendam

The Nieuw Statendam docked in Skjolden, Norway

Skjolden is a gateway to the ruggedly beautiful Jotenheimen National Park.  Jotenheimen, which means “home of the giants” in English, is home to a wonderous landscape of waterfalls, rivers, glaciers and some of the highest peaks in Europe north of the Alps.  The park is a one-hour bus ride – through hairpin bends and steep, winding roads – from Skjolden.

The cruise offered much more than natural beauty. Our northernmost stop of Alesund, a fishing port less than 300 miles south of the Arctic Circle, was virtually rebuilt from scratch following a fire in 1904. Today it boasts one of the most interesting collections of Art Nouveau buildings in Europe.

Our final port stop was Bergen, Norway’s second-largest city with a population of about 300,000.  An ancient Viking port steeped in medieval history, Bergen is known for a bustling waterfront with striking wood buildings, one block from a huge fish market.  I rode a funicular up Mount Floyen, where I took a three-hour hike that rewarded us with panoramic views of the city and surrounding fjords.

While Alaskan cruises also offer spectacular natural beauty, the port stops are much more touristy than those in Norway.  The western Scandinavian country is a compelling alternative for cruisers who enjoy scenery and hiking, but don’t want to rub elbows with a lot of other tourists in the process.

Alesund

The colorful architecture of Ålesund, Norway

You will see plenty of Norwegians enjoying the outdoors.  There’s even a Norwegian word – friluftsliv (pronounced free-loofts-liv) – coined by poet Henrik Ibsen that attempts to shed some insight into the Norwegian mindset.

Loosely translated as “free air life,” friluftsliv describes the deep connection to nature that is such a huge part of Norwegian culture.  Some argue the philosophy is one reason Norway consistently ranks as one of the happiest countries on Earth.

At every stop, we would see the locals camping in pup tents, boating, hiking and biking.  We learned a Norwegian proverb that helps understand the country’s deep love of the outdoors, even during the dark and frigid winter months:

“There is no such thing as bad weather.  Just bad clothes.”

                                                                                             © 2019 Dan Fellner

Important links:
Holland America Cruises
The official guide to Sognefjord

Video:
See video shot by the author of the Nieuw Statendam sailing underneath one of the world’s longest suspension bridges in the scenic Hardanger Fjord in Norway.

spitsbergen polar bear

Spitsbergen: Alluring adventure near the North Pole

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Arctic cruise offers pristine scenery, glimpses of glaciers and polar bears

The Arizona Republic — August 23, 2015

LONGYEARBYEN, Spitsbergen – If you come to this remote Arctic outpost, where there are more polar bears (3,000) than people (2,500) and where the sun doesn’t set from mid-April to late August, get used to hearing the adjective “northernmost.”

Longyearbyen

    Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; the world’s northernmost city

Spitsbergen — an island under Norway’s jurisdiction — is home to the world’s northernmost city, church, hotel, newspaper, museum, blues festival, car dealership, Oktoberfest and marathon, just to name a few of the many geographic distinctions it proudly trumpets.

And if you’re short on Norwegian kroners, insert your debit card into the island’s one and only cash machine.  Yes, the SpareBank will welcome you to the “world’s northernmost ATM.”

At 15,251 square miles, about the same size as Ireland, Spitsbergen is the largest island in the ruggedly beautiful and unspoiled archipelago of Svalbard, 500 miles east of northern Greenland in the Arctic Sea.  Svalbard’s northern tip, at a latitude that reaches beyond the 80th parallel, is only about 600 miles from the North Pole.  That’s roughly the same distance between Phoenix and Denver.

In other words, if you want to venture north for the summer, this is about as far north as you can go.

Hurtigruten Nordstjernen

    The Hurtigruten-chartered MS Nordstjernen anchored in a Spitsbergen fjord

I recently spent a week in Spitsbergen as part of a land-sea expedition booked through Hurtigruten, a Norwegian-based cruise line that specializes in expeditions to Norway, the Arctic and Antarctica.

My trip began with three days in Longyearbyen, the administrative capital of Svalbard, which is loosely governed by Norway.  The city was founded by American entrepreneur John Munro Longyear, who established a coal-mining operation here in 1906.  Its economy still is fueled by coal mining and boosted by a budding tourism industry.

About 2,000 people live in Longyearbyen in bright, pastel-colored homes overlooking a fjord, giving it the distinction of being the world’s northernmost city (with “city” being defined by having a year-round population of at least 1,000).

Leave the city limits and a sign warns visitors of the perils of polar bears.  Even though polar bear attacks on Spitsbergen are extremely rare, visitors who venture out of Longyearbyen are required by law to either carry a firearm or be with someone who is.

Spitsbergen polar bear

      A polar bear looking for food on a small island in a fjord

So if you’re a tour guide on Spitsbergen, in addition to carrying maps, water and a cellphone, you better be packing heat.  Even the driver of a large bus I boarded for a two-hour city tour of Longyearbyen — a white-bearded Norwegian named Wiggo — was toting a high-powered rifle.

“It’s just insurance,” he told me.  “Better safe than sorry.”

After three days of sightseeing in Longyearbyen, including a popular “dogsled on wheels” trip along the city’s harbor and a boat trip to an abandoned Russian mining town called Pyramiden, I boarded the M.S. Nordstjernen (“North Star” in Norwegian) for a four-day cruise around the archipelago.

The Nordstjernen, chartered by Hurtigruten for summer excursions in the Arctic, the Nordstjernen has been sailing since 1956.  Its cabins are small and it lacks many of the amenities found on newer and larger cruise ships – no TV, Internet access or nightly entertainment – but the classic old-school steamer is perfectly suited for Spitsbergen’s icy waters and rugged landscape.

Indeed, a huge luxury liner would seem as out of place in Spitsbergen as a saguaro cactus.

Spitsbergen guide

Guides in Spitsbergen are required to be armed due to the threat of polar bears

The Nordstjernen can accommodate 108 passengers – excluding the crew — and was 80 percent full on my sailing.  About half of the passengers were Norwegians; there also was a large contingent of Germans.  I was one of only four Americans aboard.

After leaving Longyearbyen, we arrived two hours later in the unusual town of Barentsburg, Spitsbergen’s second-largest community.  Barentsburg is owned by a Russian coal-mining company, and most of its 400 residents are Russians and Ukranians.  As a reminder of its Soviet past and as a novelty for tourists, the town still displays a statue of Lenin on its main square in front of a large banner that says in Russian: “Communism is our goal.”

We were aboard the Nordstjernen less than 24 hours when we spotted our first polar bear of the trip, a male scavenging for food on top a small island about 100 yards from the ship.  We had another good look at a bear swimming in a fjord the next day.  When a bear was seen, an announcement would be made over the ship’s public-address system and the Nordstjernen would stop so everyone could come out on deck – binoculars and cameras in hand — for a look at the so-called “King of the Arctic.”

During the trip, we also observed beluga whales, Arctic foxes, reindeer, walruses, a wide variety of birdlife and some surprisingly diverse and colorful Arctic flowers.

Spitsbergen's Kronebreen Glacier

 Spitsbergen’s massive Kronebreen Glacier

Despite its northerly location, Svalbard has a relatively mild climate.  Thanks to the northern branch of the warm Gulf Stream, the island’s western coast, where we sailed, is the world’s most northerly ice-free area.  Temperatures were in the 40s; one day was so mild that about a dozen of the Nordstjernen’s hardiest passengers went swimming in 40-degree water in a bay following a nature hike.

About 60 percent of Spitsbergen is covered by glaciers.  We got a breathtaking look at the Kronebreen Glacier, when the ship’s tenders took us within about 300 yards of the massive blue and white-colored ice (to see a video clip of the glacier, click on this link: Kronebreen Glacier.)  We were not allowed to sail closer due to the constant threat of summertime calving.

One of the Nordstjernen’s guides just completed her master’s degree in glaciology at a university in Longyearbyen.  Her thesis about how much the Kronebreen has receded in recent years was the topic of one of several fascinating lectures presented during the cruise.

On a foggy Sunday night, we passed the 80th parallel, one of the few places on Earth where you can sail in open water at that latitude.  The captain commemorated the occasion by honking the ship’s horn and the passengers celebrated with a champagne toast.  Through the fog, we got a brief glimpse of a small island of Moffen, populated by a colony of walruses.

Spitsbergen guide

Nordstjernen passengers celebrate crossing the 80th parallel with a champagne toast

Our final stop was in Ny-Alesund, an Arctic research base on Spitsbergen that hosts scientists from 10 countries.  It is the northernmost non-military settlement in the world.

Ny-Alesund also features the world’s most northerly hotel – the Nordpol Hotellet (North Pole Hotel).  But you won’t find it on Hotels.com.  The hotel is reserved for friends and family of the town’s residents.  Only 35 people live in this settlement year-round, although that number can swell to more than 100 during the summer.

Tourism in Spitsbergen is growing but remains relatively low due to its remote Arctic location and high prices for hotels, restaurants and tours.  About 50,000 tourists visit each year, half of whom arrive on cruise ships.  Other than cruising, the only way to reach the island is via flights from the Norwegian mainland.

But once you get there, you’ll experience a unique summertime escape from the Arizona heat.  You’ll enjoy spotting and photographing wildlife – including a rare chance to see polar bears in their natural habitat — and gazing at pristine scenery in a place where you won’t have to rub elbows with a lot of fellow tourists.

And you’ll do it all near the top of the world.

© 2015 Dan Fellner

Nyhavn Copenhagen

Baltic Sea Cruise

By | Cruising, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden | No Comments

A Hassle-Free and Luxurious Way to See Several Fascinating Countries

July/August 2001 — Highroads Magazine

We were a week into our 10-day Baltic cruise, and the cruise director was urging the ship’s weary passengers to resist the temptation to sleep in the following morning so we would have plenty of time to explore the next port-of-call.  “You’re not here to have fun,” he said.  “You’re here to see the sights.”

Copenhagen's Nyhavn district

 Copenhagen’s colorful Nyhavn district

His comments were made in jest, of course, but there was more than a shred of truth behind them.  Cruising the Baltic Sea in northern Europe is a relatively hassle-free and luxurious way to see several fascinating countries — each with its own unique culture, history and language — in a short period of time.

But don’t plan on getting much rest.  Most Baltic cruises offer few days at sea for relaxation and the ports are far too interesting to pass up for a few extra hours of sleep.

Indeed, the Baltic Sea is one of the fastest-growing segments of the cruise industry.  Nearly all of the major lines offer summer sailings that visit Scandinavia, Russia, the Baltic Republics and other northern European countries.

We were aboard the Crown Princess, a 1600-passenger ship that began and ended its voyage in Copenhagen, Denmark.  In between, we visited Stockholm, Sweden; Helsinki, Finland; St. Petersburg, Russia; Tallinn, Estonia; Gdansk, Poland; and Oslo, Norway.

John Lawrence, our English cruise director, has sailed all over the world in the past 23 years, and calls the Baltic one of his three favorite itineraries (the other two being China and Australia/New Zealand).  “It appeals to my sense of what cruising should be all about,” he said.  “I look for education, substance and a sense of history — which these ports all offer.”

This isn’t a cruise for party animals.  There were no pool games, wild karaoke parties, or limbo dancing.  There wasn’t even a midnight buffet.  Most of the ship’s passengers were sound asleep by then, resting up from a busy day of sightseeing and readying themselves for the next.

Copenhagen's Little Mermaid

 Copenhagen’s Little Mermaid

One of the most popular shipboard activities was Lawrence’s daily lectures on upcoming ports-of-call.  He is an expert on history, having written a book on St. Petersburg and the final days of the Romanovs.  His information on the historical significance of what we would be seeing was consumed by the ship’s relatively cerebral passengers with as much fervor as anything served in the dining rooms.

Aside from the sightseeing, history and diversity in the ports-of-call, a Baltic cruise offers tremendous value.  Scandinavia is one of the most expensive places in the world.  But cruise passengers are mostly immune from this, as their food, lodging and entertainment are provided by the ship.  You’ll want to do some shopping, of course, and bargains can be found in Russia, Poland and the Baltic Republics.

After arriving in Copenhagen, a 20-minute cab ride brought my wife and me to the Crown Princess, which was christened in 1990 by Sophia Loren and recently spiffed up with a multi-million-dollar renovation.  We had several hours before the ship’s departure, so we began walking and were amazed at how much of Copenhagen we were able to see by foot.

Just 15 minutes from the ship we came across one of the city’s most famous sites — the Little Mermaid statue, inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale.  Another 10 minutes and we’re at the Amalienborg Palace, winter residence for the Danish Royal Family.  Get there at noon to see the changing of the guard.  A few blocks away we came across the much-photographed Nyhavn district, a colorful waterfront lined with shops.  Copenhagen seems to be a bit more vibrant and a bit less staid than the other Scandinavian capitals.

Stockholm changing of the guard

 Changing of the guard at Stockholm’s Royal Palace

Stockholm was the first stop on our ship’s itinerary and we docked in a town called Nynashamn, about an hour outside the city.  The ship offered a bus trip into Stockholm for $57.  We opted to take public transportation instead — a combination of bus and train — at a cost of only $10.  It was safe and easy, and unexpectedly gave us one of our most enjoyable experiences on the trip.

On three separate occasions, locals approached us, sensing we were tourists, to see if we needed assistance.  Not only did they give us directions, they actually escorted us to make sure we ended up in the right place.  One Swedish businessman even spent two hours walking around with us to make sure we didn’t miss his favorite Stockholm sites.

Stockholm’s can’t-miss site is the Vasa Museum, the home of the world’s oldest fully-preserved ship.  The Vasa was launched in 1628 but sank on her maiden voyage.  It was discovered and salvaged 40 years ago.  It is now the centerpiece of a museum that contains thousands of historic items recovered from the harbor.  It’s also worthwhile to take a stroll through the cobblestone streets of Gamla Stan, the city’s old town.  Nearby, you’ll find the Royal Palace — changing of the guard is at 1 p.m. — and City Hall, where the Nobel Prizes are awarded.

Helsinki, one of the cleanest cities on Earth, has a strong Russian flavor.  We found the Finns more reserved than the Swedes, but they do love to talk amongst themselves on the phone.  In fact, Finland has more cell phones per capita than any other country.   To watch the locals shop, head to the colorful Market Square, on the pier not far from where the cruise ships dock.  Fishermen sell their day’s catch right off the boat.  The city’s focal point, Senate Square, is just a few blocks away.  Also worth seeing is a monument to Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, an interesting conglomeration of steel pipes.

Gdansk, Poland

 Gdansk, Poland

The most anticipated port-of-call on the trip was St. Petersburg (formerly called Leningrad), where many cruise ships dock for two full days.  Americans need a visa to visit Russia, which costs more than $100 and can be a hassle to get.  But the visa requirement is waived if you book tours through the ship.  That means, though, you can’t explore the city on your own.  Given the warnings we heard about crime in Russia, most passengers didn’t seem to mind being escorted by a guide.

With a population of five million people, St. Petersburg is the country’s second-largest city.  It looks a bit dilapidated in places but boasts some wondrous sites.  At the top of the list is the Hermitage Museum, which houses one of the largest art collections in the world.  In fact, if you spend just 30 seconds looking over each piece of art in the museum, you’ll be there three full years.  We had three hours, but got to see plenty of the Czar’s private art collection along with a nice assortment of masterpieces by Rembrandt, Da Vinci and Raphael.

Catherine Palace near St. Petersburg, Russia

 Catherine Palace near St. Petersburg, Russia

Outside the city are two opulent palaces well worth visiting – the Catherine Palace with a beautiful ornate blue façade, and the Peterhof Palace and Gardens, which was built by Peter the Great to vial the palace at Versailles. In town, you can take in a ballet performance at the Alexandrinsky Theater or sign up for a shopping tour and bargain with vendors for some famous Russian nesting dolls and hand-painted lacquer boxes. One of the best places to find souvenirs is a market located outside the uniquely named Church of the Savior on the Spilled Blood, which is the site of Alexander II’s assassination.

Estonia, which became independent from Russia in 1991, was perhaps the most quaint and charming stop on our cruise. Tallinn is a wonderfully preserved medieval city that can easily be explored on foot.

Start with the Town Hall Square, which has been the heart of the city since the 12th century. It is lined with shops, restaurants and the gothic Town Hall, built in 1371. A few blocks away is Toompea Hill, site of a unique-looking pink building that houses the Estonian Parliament.

Tallinn Town Hall Square

Town Hall Square; Tallinn, Estonia

The port of Gdynia, Poland is a 45-minute bus trip from historic Gdansk, where the first shots of World War II were fired. Unfortunately, Danzig, as it was known then, was almost completely destroyed during the war, but has since been rebuilt to resemble its medieval past. It’s not as authentic as Tallinn and sort of feels like walking around the Epcot Center. The city’s Old Town features buildings designed in gothic, renaissance and baroque styles.

Our last stop was Oslo, Norway, the oldest, geographically largest and least populated of the Scandinavian capitals, with about half a million residents. Most tours take you to the famous ski jump at Holmenkollen, which offers spectacular views of the city. The Vigeland Sculpture park, set in a scenic park, features the unique and much-admired works of Gustav Vigeland. The Viking Ship Museum houses three well-preserved Viking boats that are more than 1000 years old. On the way back to Copenhagen, we had our best scenery of the trip, sailing through a 60-mile fjord.

Our cruise cost just $1,100 per person, including taxes and port charges but not including airfare to Copenhagen. To make it even better, we received a free upgrade to an outside cabin. Overcapacity in the cruise industry continues to make it a buyer’s market. Don’t cruise the Baltic in hopes of getting a suntan. Temperatures during our mid-June trip never rose higher than 65 degrees. Some days were windy, rainy and cold.

And don’t plan on coming home rested and relaxed. In addition to the grueling country-after-country itinerary, jet lag is tougher than normal to deal with because you constantly have to adjust your watch — either forward or backward – throughout the course of the cruise. By the time we got home, we felt like we needed a vacation from our vacation.

But we did return with a suitcase full of enriching memories, and a strong desire to go back and spend more time in some of the countries in which our visit was far too short. Just at a bit slower pace.

© 2009 Dan Fellner